Functional Requirements of Foundation

 Previously we see what is foundation and Requirements of the good foundation, so more than it is the functional requirement of foundation which shown as below.

The functional requirements of the foundation and oversite concrete are:

• strength and stability 
• Resistance to ground moisture 
• Resistance to the passage of heat

            The requirements of the Building Regulations are, as regards ‘Loading’, that ‘The building shall be so constructed that the combined, dead, imposed and wind loads are sustained and transmitted to the ground safely and without causing such deflection or deformation of any part of the building, or such movement of the ground, as will impair the stability of any part of another building’ and as regards ‘ground movement’ that ‘The building shall be so constructed that movements of the subsoil caused by swelling, shrinkage or freezing will not impair the stability of any part of the building’.

         A foundation should be designed to transmit loads of the building to the ground so that there is, at most, only a limited settlement of the building into the ground. A building whose foundation is on the sound rock will suffer no measurable settlement whereas a building on the soil will suffer settlement into the ground by the compression of the soil under the foundation loads.

      Foundations should be designed so that settlement into the ground is limited and uniform under the whole of the building. Some settlement of a building on a soil foundation is inevitable as the increasing loads on the foundation, as the building is erected, compress the soil. This settlement should be limited to avoid damage to service pipes and drains connected to the building. Bearing capacities for various rocks and soils are assumed and these capacities should not be exceeded in the design of the foundation to limit settlement.

       In theory, if the foundation soil were uniform and foundation bearing pressure were limited, the building would settle into the ground uniformly as the building was erected, and to a limited extent, and there would be no possibility of damage to the building or its connected services or drains. In practice, there are various possible ground movements under the foundation of a building that may cause one part of the foundation to settle at a different rate and to a different extent than another part of the foundation.

Reference :

 ISBN 81-7671-001-6

Foundation in Engineering

           

       Another dangerous word for us is a foundation.Without this, any of the situation may not happen,whether we are thinking of the study we need some strong basic that is known as a foundation of our career.In the makeup of life or make of structure, we require the foundation.A good enough foundation is the necessity to a Good structure. So the first question arises what is foundation?What is the use of it? The requirement for the Good foundations are what?

The foundations of buildings bear on and transmit loads to the ground.The foundation is that part of walls, piers, and columns in direct contact with and transmits loads to the ground.The principal foundation type is the strip, pad, raft, and pile foundations as illustrated.

strap foundation is a continues strip of concrete under walls, a pad an isolated base under piers  and columns, a raft a continuous base under the whole building, and a pile concrete column or pillar cast in or driven into the ground to support a concrete base or ground beam.

The ground is the general term for the earth's surface,which varies in composition within the two main groups, rocks, and soils.Rocks include the hard, rigid ,rocks and soils

Requirements for good foundation:

A foundation to serve its purpose needs to satisfy the following criteria.

1. The foundations should sustain the dead and imposed loads and transmit these to the sub-soil in such a way that pressure on it will not cause settlement which would impair the stability of the building or adjoining structures.
2. The base of the foundation should be rigid so that differential settlements are minimized, especially for the case when superimposed loads are not evenly distributed.
3. Foundations should be taken sufficiently deep to guard the building against damage or distress caused by swelling-shrinkage of the sub-soil.
4. Foundations should be so located that its performance may not be affected due to any unexpected future influence.

Types of foundation:

There are two types of foundation
1> shallow foundation
2>  deep foundation

We will see more details about the foundation in next post.keep reading.